Metformin

Metformin

Drug Details

Metformin is a prescription medication classified as a biguanide. It is commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It works by decreasing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity, helping control blood sugar levels.

Use Details

This medication is approved primarily for the management of type 2 diabetes. It helps regulate blood sugar by reducing glucose production in the liver and enhancing peripheral glucose uptake. Doctors may also prescribe it for off-label uses.

Approved Uses:

• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Off-Label Uses:

• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
• Prediabetes
• Weight management in insulin resistance

Dosage

• Adult: 500–2000 mg per day in divided doses
• Children: ≥10 years: initial dose 500 mg once or twice daily
• Route: Oral (tablets, extended-release tablets, liquid)

Side Effects

Common:
– Nausea
– Diarrhea
– Abdominal discomfort
– Metallic taste

Serious:
– Lactic acidosis (rare but serious)
– Vitamin B12 deficiency
– Hypoglycemia (when used with other antidiabetics)

Pregnancy / Breastfeeding

Metformin is generally considered safe during pregnancy (Category B). It does pass into breast milk but is typically deemed safe. Consult your doctor before use if pregnant or breastfeeding.

Drug Interactions

Interacts with drugs that affect kidney function or increase lactic acidosis risk, such as contrast dyes and certain diuretics.
Avoid alcohol due to increased risk of lactic acidosis.

Other Information

• Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat
• No black-box warning
• Prescription only

FAQs

What if I miss a dose?
Take it as soon as possible; skip if close to next dose.

What happens if I overdose?
Seek immediate medical attention due to risk of lactic acidosis.

Can I drive after taking it?
Yes, unless you experience dizziness or hypoglycemia.

Is alcohol safe with this drug?
No, it increases risk of lactic acidosis.

How quickly does it start working?
Blood sugar levels begin improving within days; full effect may take 1–2 weeks.

Are there natural alternatives?
Diet and exercise are essential but not replacements; always consult your doctor.

Is Metformin addictive or habit-forming?
No, it is not addictive.